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    • 专利摘要:
    METHOD FOR VOLUMETRIC REDUCTION OF ORGANIC LIQUIDS Methods are provided for the volumetric reduction of organic liquids. The methods include mixing a porous matrix material with an organic liquid to produce a mixture, forcing oxidizing agent through the mixture, and initiating a self-sustaining latent combustion of the mixture. Additional embodiments add the organic liquid or the porous matrix material or the mixture of these in a dam, such as a reactor vessel, a pond or a matrix stack. Additional embodiments use at least one heater to initiate combustion and at least one air supply port to provide oxidizing agent to initiate and maintain combustion. Additional achievements further include the batch addition of a fuel additive to the aggregate prior to latent combustion, to ensure that subsequent latent combustion is self-sustaining or that it has the temperature necessary to reduce or remove other contaminants in the matrix or organic liquid, such as heavy metals or asbestos.
    公开号:BR112013027815B1
    申请号:R112013027815-3
    申请日:2012-04-26
    公开日:2021-02-23
    发明作者:Grant Gavin (Ca/Ca)；Major David (Ca/Ca)；Gerhard Jason (Ca/Ca)；Torero Jose (Gb/Gb)；Scholes Grant (Ca/Ca)；Pironi Paolo (It/Gb)；Switzer Christine(Us/Ca)
    申请人:Geosyntec Consultants, Inc；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED REQUESTS
    This application claims the benefit of the provisional patent application in the United States No. Ser. 61 / 531,895, filed on September 7, 2011. and the provisional patent application in the United States No. Ser. 617480,852, filed on April 29. 2011, of which The entire content is incorporated by reference. TECHNICAL FIELD
    The present invention relates to methods for reducing the volume of organic liquids 10 through latent combustion, and more particularly to methods in which an organic liquid is aggregated in a porous matrix within a dam. TECHNICAL BACKGROUND
    The management of organic liquids when they become waste is a complex problem with few economically effective alternatives to reduce its impact on health, the environment and aesthetics. Current management methods focus on the disposal of organic liquids in landfills, destruction in incinerators, and recycling. Recent advances in Integrated Waste Management (IWM) have minimized the impact of these materials through life cycle analysis and the implementation of sustainable 20 waste management strategies; however, there remains a legacy of problems in the management of organic liquid waste, for which incineration and disposal in landfills are currently the only practical alternatives.
    Recent advances in the field of contamination hydrogeology have shown that latent combustion can be used to treat underground volumes of soil contaminated with organic liquids. This approach is commercially available as Active Remediation Technology through Self-sustaining Treatment (STAR) and in the subject of United States Patent No. 8,132,978.
    Latent combustion (“latent combustion”) is a form of combustion without 30 flames, providing its heat from reactions that occur on the surface of a solid or liquid fuel when it is heated in an oxidizing environment. An example of a latent combustion reaction is that of a tobacco cigarette or the burning of a piece of polyurethane foam. Latent combustion occurs only when the rate of heating of the fuel is lower than the rate at which the oxidizer diffuses into the fuel; thus, latent combustion requires that the rate of diffusion of the oxidizer to the surface of the fuel is faster than the rate of heat addition required to gasify the material. As diffusion processes are relatively slow, latent combustion occurs only under conditions where the fuel has a very large surface area exposed to the oxidant (oxidant entrainment rate = diffusive flow of oxidant X surface area of fuel). This condition is most commonly achieved within a porous material, where the material has a very high surface area to volume ratio. In the case of a cigarette and other solid organic materials (eg garbage, coal residue, polyurethane foam, etc.), tobacco is both the fuel and the porous matrix: whereas in the STAR process, the fuel is the organic contamination and the porous matrix is the underground volume of soil.
    Latent combustion is distinct from combustion with flames. Flame combustion is a combustion process by which a condensed fuel (either liquid or solid) is gasified by means of an external heat source, producing a mixture of fuel and oxidant in the gas phase that in the presence of additional heating can lead to a flame. A flame has a small surface area to volume ratio; thus, the heating rate far exceeds the oxidant diffusion rate. In addition, the flame represents a reaction between carbonated oil and oxygen in the gas phase. Thus, combustion with flames occurs in the gaseous phase between a gaseous fuel and a gaseous oxidizing agent, which is a homogeneous combustion reaction. Latent combustion, on the other hand, occurs on the surface of the liquid / solid fuel, while the oxidizing agent in the gas phase diffuses into the liquid or solid fuel; so this process is a heterogeneous reaction.
    Latent combustion requires a short-term energy supply, and the addition of an oxidizing agent (eg, oxygen, air, perchlorate) to initiate and sustain the latent combustion reaction. Latent combustion is an exothermic reaction (which produces liquid energy) converting carbon compounds and an oxidizing agent to carbon dioxide, water and energy. Thus, after ignition through a short and short-lived localized energy supply, the latent combustion reaction 5 can continue in a self-sustainable manner; for example, the thermal energy required for the combustion of contaminants in the STAR comes primarily from the energy inherent within the contaminants themselves.
    There are numerous methodologies for the remediation of contaminated soils, including a group of technologies that use thermal processes to remove or destroy contaminants through endothermic processes (which consume liquid energy) such as pyrolysis and volatilization. The advantage of STAR. Over these other thermal remedies is that STAR takes advantage of the energy inherent in the contaminants to facilitate their destruction; while other thermal remedies require feeding large amounts of heat / energy applied to contaminated soils, often 15 making the cost of these technologies prohibitive.
    Current techniques for the treatment of organic waste suffer from a similar problem - incineration, for example, is an energy-intensive technology for the volumetric reduction / destruction of organic liquids, requiring continuous energy supply. As a result, incineration is often an expensive treatment technology.
    Latent combustion has traditionally been observed in solid fuels, and is known to occur spontaneously in piles of coal, or in piles of solid organic waste. As for the cigarette, for example, the latent combustion of these materials requires the presence of a fuel source and a porous matrix and, in most cases, the fuel source and the porous matrix are the same (for example, tobacco). Thus, due to a lack of porous matrix, the latent combustion of a liquid fuel has long been ruled out as being considered impossible. Some research has examined the combustion of a liquid fuel in a porous matrix, including lagging fires occurring within 30 porous insulating materials soaked in oils and other self-flammable liquids, as well as improved oil recovery, on which fronts combustion engines are initiated in oil reservoirs to conduct oil towards extraction points, however, the use of latent combustion as a means of treating, or effecting the volumetric reduction of a mass of organic liquid, has never been done. SUMMARY OF ACHIEVEMENTS
    As described below, latent combustion is possible only in the presence of a fuel source and a porous matrix. For a solid organic waste such as piles of coal or garbage, the organic waste acts as both a fuel source and a porous matrix. In the case of an organic liquid, a porous matrix must be added to the organic liquid to create the conditions necessary for a latent combustion reaction to occur. This can be achieved by adding either a reactive material or an inert material, such as sand, to the organic liquid, or by adding the organic liquid to a bed or a stack of porous matrix. Once these conditions are established, latent combustion can be initiated within the organic liquid / porous matrix mixture in a manner analogous to that described by the STAR process: the mixture is heated and the oxidizing agent is added to start the latent combustion process. ; then the heating source is stopped, but the addition of oxidizing agent is maintained in such a way that a self-sustaining reaction occurs (that is, the energy source for the latent combustion is the organic liquid, instead of an external source), resulting in a volumetric reduction of the organic liquid.
    Accomplishments of the present invention take advantage of the surprising discovery that latent combustion can be used to reduce the volume of any organic liquid by first adding the organic liquid to porous matrices. Organic liquids or liquid fuels are not known to enter into latent combustion in the absence of the aggregation phase because they do not have the necessary surface area, common to porous solid fuels.
    The present invention is based on the principles of self-sustaining latent combustion for the treatment of organic liquids. Latent combustion provides benefits over traditional treatment techniques, such as an organic liquid treatment method, such as low energy requirement, low cost, faster treatment, and effective treatment. In addition, the present invention is superior to grounding since the latent combustion process will transform organic liquids primarily into flue gases, in order to dispense with the need to acquire and maintain expensive land for the storage of organic liquids, specifically. latent combustion can be applied to reduce the volume of organic liquids to destroy the organic liquid by adding or mixing the organic liquid in a porous matrix (ie. the '-mixture'). The organic liquid is mixed with the porous matrix to produce the mixture through which an oxidizing agent is forced and the latent combustion is initiated with a heat source.The heat source is then removed or interrupted while the oxidizing agent feed is maintained in order to sustain the progression of the combustion reaction latent through mixing.
    The energy inherent in some organic liquids (for example, coal tar, petroleum hydrocarbons, etc.) is often more than enough to allow a self-sustaining reaction to occur. Part of this excess energy (ie, excess heat) can be used to influence the secondary treatment of the organic liquid or the porous matrix in which the organic liquid is partially or completely mixed. For example, heavy melals are common soil contaminants and are often found to be present in organic liquids such as petroleum hydrocarbons. While heavy metals are not organic and will not combust, some heavy metals such as mercury are volatile and can be removed from soils or organic liquids for further treatment through the excess heat generated by a self-sustaining latent combustion process. Similarly, it is known that some forms of asbestos become non-toxic at temperatures above 700 degrees Celsius: thus, the excess heat from a self-sustaining latent combustion process can be used to treat soils and sludges containing asbestos minerals. Finally, the excess heat from a self-sustaining latent combustion reaction can be used to dry soils, in cases where moist or water-containing soils are used as the porous matrix in the process.
    In contrast, some organic liquids do not have enough energy to allow a self-sustaining reaction to occur. Since they are organic, these compounds will combust, but without sufficient inherent energy, an external energy supply is needed to maintain the reaction. This can be overcome by the batch addition of a fuel additive to increase the mixture's inherent energy: thus enabling self-sustaining latent combustion to proceed. It may also be useful to add a fuel additive to influence the characteristics of the latent combustion reaction (eg temperature), even if the combustion reaction is self-sustaining without the addition of a fuel additive.
    In some embodiments of the invention, the latent combustion process does not require the use of ceramic fuel, wick or initiator fuel to initiate latent combustion. There is also no need to create channels in the volume of the aggregate to maintain latent combustion, as may be necessary for latent combustion of a solid.
    In a first embodiment of the invention, a method is provided for the volumetric reduction of organic liquid. The method consists of mixing a porous matrix material with the liquid to produce a mixture, heating the mixture, forcing the oxidizing agent through the mixture, starting and maintaining the latent combustion of the mixture, and interrupting the heating source, in order to perform the volumetric reduction of the organic liquid. In certain embodiments, the reaction conditions are maintained in such a way as to cause the propagation of latent combustion through the mixture and beyond the flash point.
    In particular projects, the organic liquid is added before the volumetric reduction. The methods of these achievements also consist of aggregating the organic liquid in a reaction vessel. Additional achievements also consist of adding the organic liquid in a matrix stack that includes a porous matrix material. Other achievements also consist of aggregating the porous matrix in a pond of organic liquid waste. Other achievements are the continuous feeding of the mixture in a zone
    In certain embodiments, mixing the porous matrix material consists of batch feeding the organic liquid and the porous material into a vessel.
    Additional achievements consist of using a mixing tool to mix the porous matrix material with the organic liquid to produce the mixture. In particular embodiments »the mixing tool includes a rotating helical blade.
    In another embodiment of the invention, a method for volumetric reduction of organic liquids is provided in which mixing the porous matrix material with the organic liquid to produce the mixture consists of forming a permanent or semi-permanent confluence bed consisting of the porous matrix material, and continuously pouring the organic liquid into the confluence bed. In other embodiments of the invention, methods are provided in which mixing the porous matrix material with the organic liquid to produce the mixture consists of forming a confluence bed of organic liquid consisting of the organic liquid, and continuously pouring the porous matrix material into the conflagration bed of organic liquid.
    In particular embodiments, forcing the oxidizing agent through the mixture consists of injecting air into the mixture through an injection port. In certain embodiments, forcing the oxidizing agent through the mixture consists of injecting air into the mixture through a plurality of injection ports. In other embodiments, forcing the oxidizing agent 20 through the mixture consists of injecting oxygen into the mixture through an injection port. In certain embodiments, forcing an oxidizing agent through the mixture consists of injecting oxygen into the mixture through a plurality of injection ports. In other embodiments, forcing an oxidizing agent through the mixture consists of injecting a liquid oxidizing agent into the mixture through an injection port. In scenes 25, forcing an oxidizing agent through the mixture consists of injecting a liquid oxidizing agent into the mixture through a plurality of injection ports. In certain embodiments, forcing an oxidizing agent through the mixture consists of creating a vacuum to suck the oxidizing agent through the mixture. In other embodiments, the oxidizing agent is placed inside the mixture before starting the latent combustion.
    In certain embodiments, initiating latent combustion includes applying heat to the mixture from at least one of a plurality of heat sources for an amount of time sufficient to initiate latent combustion. In particular embodiments, at least one of the plurality of heating sources is an effective heating source external to the mixture. In yet other particular embodiments, at least one of the plurality of heating sources is an effective heating source located within the mixture. In yet other embodiments, at least one of the plurality of heating sources is a conductive internal heating source in direct contact with the mixture. In other embodiments, at least one of the plurality of heating sources applies radiation heat to the mixture.
    In yet other embodiments, initiating latent combustion includes applying heat to the mixture from an internal conductive heat source in direct contact with the mixture. In other embodiments, initiating latent combustion includes applying heat to the mixture from an evaporative heating source coupled to the mixture. In particular embodiments, the heating source is external to the mixture. In other realizations. the heating source is located inside the mixture. In other embodiments of the invention, initiating latent combustion includes applying radiation heat to the mixture. In other embodiments of the invention, initiating latent combustion includes applying heat to the mixture through a combustion reaction. In other embodiments of the invention, initiating latent combustion includes applying heat to the mixture through an exothermic chemical reaction.
    In certain embodiments, the heating source of the mixture is interrupted after the initiation of latent combustion. In other embodiments, at least one of the plurality of heating sources for the mixture is interrupted after the initiation of latent combustion.
    In another embodiment of the invention, methods for the volumetric reduction of organic liquids further consist of mixing the porous matrix material with the organic liquid using a helical mixing tool to produce the mixture, feeding the mixture through a first conveyor system into the interior of the latent combustion zone, and removing the combustion product through a second conveyor system.
    Certain achievements also consist of adding the organic liquid above the level of the soil. Other achievements also consist of adding the organic liquid below the ground level.
    In particular embodiments, the porous matrix material is selected from a group consisting of sand, soil, silt. slime, filling soil, paving stones, gravel, crushed stones, glass, ceramics, zeolite, wood chips, charcoal, mineral coal, drilling remains and combinations of the above. Certain achievements also consist of conducting latent combustion at a temperature in the range between 200 and 2000 degrees Celsius. Other realizations also consist of forcing air through the mixture at a linear speed between 0.0001 and 100 centimeters per second.
    Another embodiment of the invention consists in mixing a supplementary fuel with the porous matrix material and the organic liquid before combustion.
    In certain embodiments, the organic liquid is a liquid. In other realizations. 15 the organic liquid is a sludge. In other embodiments, the organic liquid is a sludge. In other embodiments, the organic liquid is an emulsion.
    In another embodiment of the invention, a method for volumetric reduction of organic liquids is provided consisting of aggregating the organic liquid in a reactor vessel, a matrix stack or a pond to form an aggregate. Realization 20 also consists of adding a supplementary fuel selected from a group consisting of vegetable oil, tar, chemical oxidizing agents, drilling muds, and petroleum hydrocarbons to the aggregate. The realization also consists of mixing a porous matrix material selected from a group consisting of sand, soil, silt, silt, filler, paving stones, gravel. 25 crushed stones, glass, ceramics, zeolite. wood shavings, charcoal, mineral coal, remains of perforations and combinations of the previous ones with the organic liquid to produce a mixture that allows the self-sustainable latent combustion. The realization also consists of forcing air through the mixture, from at least one air supply port and starting the self-sustaining latent combustion of the mixture from at least one conductive heater. convective or by radiation to effect the volumetric reduction of the organic liquid.
    In general, in each of the aforementioned achievements, it is desired to promote / maintain self-sustaining latent combustion as a method of volumetrically reducing an organic liquid. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    The previously described aspects of realizations will be more readily understood by reference to the following detailed descriptions, taken with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a mixing vessel of 10 embodiments of the invention and an exemplary mixing tool . Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a mixing vessel containing a fixed or loose porous matrix. Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an organic liquid pond containing a volume of organic liquid to which a matrix material is added. Figure 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a matrix pile or soil pile to which an organic liquid material is applied and mixed. Figure 5 is an enlarged schematic view of an organic liquid / porous matrix mixture according to embodiments of the invention. Figure 6 is a schematic cross-section of a combustion reactor vessel consisting of a source of oxidizing agent, an air supply port and heating elements. Figure 7A is a schematic cross-section of an organic liquid pond consisting of a mixture of organic liquid and porous matrix with a plurality of air supply ports and heating elements. Figure 7B is a schematic cross-section of a pile of soil consisting of a mixture of organic liquid and porous matrix with a plurality of air supply ports and heating elements. Figure 8A is a schematic cross-section of an organic liquid pond consisting of a mixture of organic liquid and porous matrix, source of oxidizing agent, air supply port inside the pond, and alternative heating elements. Figure 8B is a schematic cross-section of a pile of soil consisting of a mixture of organic liquid and porous matrix, a source of oxidizing agent. air supply ports inside the stack, and alternative heating elements. Figure 9 is an illustration of a combustion front advancing through the mixture of an organic liquid and a porous matrix material along the direction of the air flow. Figure 10 is a cross-sectional view of a reactor vessel in which a conveyor or auger device is used to transport a continuous or semi-continuous feed of a mixture of organic liquid and porous matrix material to a latent combustion front. Figure 11 is a cross section! schematic of a reactor vessel with a fixed or permanent permanent porous matrix in which a continuous or semi-continuous feeding of an organic liquid is added to the porous matrix material. Figure 12 is a flow chart illustrating particular steps according to the embodiments of the invention. Figure 13 is a graphical representation of the evolution of temperature as a function of time in a self-sustaining latent combustion of an oil / sand mixture. Figure 14 is a table showing the concentrations of petroleum hydrocarbons in the FI and BTEX range. in range F2-F4. in PAH compounds of the oil / sand mixture before and after treatment, according to the method of the present invention. Figure 15 shows photographs of coarse sand as the only porous matrix (A); the mixture of sand and oil before treatment (('): and the porous matrix after treatment (B). DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF SPECIFIC ACHIEVEMENTS
    Definitions. As used in this description and the appended claims, the following terms must have the meanings indicated, unless the context requires otherwise. The term "porous matrix" means a synthetic or natural solid material containing pores (open spaces) and in which the solid material can be a single piece containing pores or a collection of granular solids containing pores between them. Examples of suitable materials consisting of porous matrices of the embodiments of the present invention include sand, soil, silt, slime, filler soil, paving stones, gravel, glass spheres, wood chips, zeolite. crushed stones, ceramic shavings or spheres, charcoal, mineral coal , remains of perforations and combinations of the previous ones. The term "latent combustion" of a composition means the alo or process of burning without flame: a rapid oxidation accompanied by heat and light but without flame: combustion occurs on the surface of the composition (ie (not in the gaseous phase above the composition (occurs with a flame), in this case, the composition is a mixture of an organic liquid and a porous matrix. ico ”means an organic material that can flow as a liquid or have plasticity as a viscous substance that contains organic carbon compounds and includes materials that are partially liquid, such as a hydrocarbon sludge. sludges or emulsions.
    "Self-sustaining" means reaction conditions in which the latent combustion is maintained in an organic liquid or propagates through an organic liquid without the application of external energy: that is. when the organic liquid that is already in latent combustion produces enough heat to raise the temperature in the adjacent matter to its point of combustion. Conditions can be self-sustaining even if heat is initially required to initiate latent combustion.
    The term "matrix stack" means any stack, pile or conglomeration or vertical aggregation of a porous matrix material. The matrix stack can be either permanent or semi-permanent.
    The term "ignition" means the process of starting combustion.
    The term "conductive heating" means the transfer of thermal energy by direct physical contact.
    The term "convective heating" means the transfer of thermal energy by the movement of fluids.
    The term "radiation heating" means the transfer of thermal energy by electromagnetic radiation.
    The term "mixing tool" means an implement that when in use combines or mixes the organic liquid and the porous matrix in a mass or mixture.
    An "impoundment" of organic liquid is an aggregation of an organic liquid in a pot, or in a pile in the soil, or in a cavity below ground level. Similarly, a "damming" of a mixture or an organic liquid with a matrix is an aggregation of the mixture in a pot, either in a pile in the soil, or in a cavity below ground level.
    Latent combustion is a heterogeneous combustion reaction because the oxidizing agent (gas) and the fuel (liquid or sludge) are distinct phases. This contrasts with combustion with flames, which is a homogeneous reaction occurring in a single phase 15 (gas).
    In embodiments of the present invention, the porous matrix serves as a support for confining the organic liquid in an environment that facilitates latent combustion. Latent combustion is maintained by efficient recycling of energy within the system. First, the organic liquid undergoes combustion, releasing energy in the form of 2d heat that is retained or absorbed by the porous matrix. Second, the heat energy that is retained or absorbed is either re-radiated or returned to the system from a porous matrix or transferred through mixing by moving fluids (eg oxidizing gas) to preheat the organic liquid material, removed away from the point in the space where the combustion process started. Thus, after a short-term energy supply to start the process, latent combustion is self-sustaining (that is, it uses the energy of the organic liquids in combustion, together with a supply of oxidizing agent, to maintain the reaction) and is capable of to propagate beyond the ignition point in the combustible material. Latent combustion is the only type of combustion reaction that can propagate through a residue / porous matrix mixture (ie, flames are not able to propagate through a system like this).
    In a self-sustaining process, the heating source is interrupted after the initiation of latent combustion.
    The self-sustainable latent combustion process can be extended to the treatment of organic liquids if the following conditions are met: (I) the organic liquid contains enough inherent energy to support a latent combustion process (ie it is a combustible material); (2) it is mixed with a porous matrix to enable the latent combustion process; (3) a heat source is provided to start the process; (4) an oxidizing agent feed (for example, oxygen, air, perchlorate) is provided to initiate and maintain the process; and (5) the heat source is interrupted after the initiation of latent combustion.
    The self-sustaining latent combustion treatment method applies to both organic liquids and iodines, sludge, or emulsions and can be carried out in a synthetic or natural porous medium or in solid granular matrices. In many applications, it is expected that the waste may be at least partially in the liquid phase; for example, as a sludge, mud or hydrocarbon emulsion.
    The self-sustainable latent combustion process has numerous advantages for the treatment of organic liquids. First, the combustion products of the process are carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, energy and water; therefore, landfill of organic liquid is not necessary. Second, the process is self-sustaining (that is, it uses the energy of the burning organic liquids, along with a supply of oxidizing agent, to maintain the reaction). Thus, the latent combustion process avoids the need for continuous addition of energy, heat, or fuels as in an incineration process. Figure I illustrates a mixing vessel (11). according to certain embodiments of the invention, in which the organic liquid and the porous matrix are added. A mixing tool (12) is used to create a mixture of organic waste and porous matrix material (13). In particular embodiments of the invention, mixing can take place inside a reactor vessel or in a dam in which latent combustion will be initiated. In the particular embodiment of Figure I, a helical mixing tool (12) is represented, although any shape can be used, including mixer turner and paddle-shaped mixing tools.
    A mixing vessel (II) can be a cylindrical column or a rectangular box (for example a vessel with stainless steel walls) or a manufactured basket, a dug hole, a designated pile, or a walled enclosure in which a porous medium is placed and mixed with the organic liquid in preparation for the application of the latent combustion process.
    The porous medium can be a fixed or loose porous material (13). A fixed porous matrix can be a manufactured material (for example steel mesh. Porous plate, etc.) or natural (for example solidified lava, coral, etc. A loose porous matrix can be of manufactured materials (steel shot. glass, etc.) or natural (for example gravel, sand, etc.),
    The positioning of the mixture can be achieved manually, with the use of excavator or dredge, automatically, by means of screw conveyor or conveyor systems. The addition of liquid can be achieved by means of spill feed, pumping. by conveyor or by gravity (for example, signed).
    Any organic liquid can be reduced volumetrically by the methods disclosed herein. Examples of organic liquids for which the methods are particularly effective include mixtures of hydrocarbons such as coal tar and creosote, petroleum hydrocarbons, drilling muds, and waste sludge.
    The latent combustion used here is preferably started and maintained under conditions in which it becomes self-sustaining. Some materials may contain sufficient energy so that latent combustion can be initiated and maintained without adding substances that increase energy to the waste or mixture. However, certain waste substances may require the batch addition of one or more combustible supplements prior to ignition to ensure that the latent combustion that follows is self-sustaining, or that the latent combustion has certain characteristics such as a higher temperature. Examples of fuel supplements include vegetable oil, tar, drilling muds and petroleum hydrocarbons. Figure 2 represents another embodiment of the invention in which a mixing vessel or reactor (21) contains a fixed or loose porous matrix (22) in which the organic liquid 5 (23) is added to create a mixture of organic liquid and pore matrix. In particular embodiments in which a liquid or semi-liquid organic material is reduced volumetrically, a mixture is created while the organic liquid seeps between the particles of the matrix. In embodiments in which the porous matrix is loosened, mixing can be aided using a mixing tool as described here.
    The mixing tool can be a mechanical mixer (12) such as an auger or a screw or other rotating devices. Mixing can also be carried out by vibration, or rotation of the entire vessel. The mixing can also be carried out passively by adding the liquid to the porous medium inside the vessel and allowing it to disperse naturally due to gravity or capillarity or injecting it under pressure into the vessel bottom, filling the pore space from the middle as it migrates to the top of the vessel. The organic liquid can be added to the porous matrix as a flow or stream of liquids through a tube, a channel. or another issuer.
    The mixing process can take place inside the same vessel used for the latent combustion process, in a continuous process, in a batch or semi-batch process, or be completed in a separate mixing vessel or specific apparatus.
    The addition of the loose matrix material (22 or 33 of Figure 3 below) can be performed manually, by means of an excavator or dredge, or automatically, by means of a screw conveyor system or conveyor belt.
    The conveyor system can be a screw or conveyor system leading from a mixing vessel to the reactor vessel and from the reactor vessel to the treated pile of matrix soil. The mixture conveyor can be an oil screw conveyor or another mechanical conveyor device or be a release mechanism to allow the treated material, fed by gravity, to pass through the reaction vessel.
    One aspect of the invention includes the aggregation of organic liquid in a porous matrix. In embodiments described here, aggregation occurs when the impounding of organic liquid is done in a vessel above the ground. However, it is also possible to practice an embodiment of the invention when the organic liquid is in a dam below the ground (i.e., below the surface of the earth) in a cavity such as a pond or tank. Figure 3 illustrates an embodiment in which the dam is an organic liquid lagoon (31). The pond includes a volume of semi-solid or organic liquid (32) and in which a loose matrix material (33) is added and mixed with a mixing tool (34) to create a mixture of organic liquid and porous matrix material. An example of an organic liquid pond (31) can be a demarcated or unmarked excavation, a converted tank, or a natural depression used to accumulate and store an organic liquid (32). It is worth mentioning that the order of addition is not particularly important. Achievements are also possible when the pond is first filled with the porous matrix material and the organic liquid is added later or when the porous matrix material is natural or filler soil and the organic liquid is poured over the natural or filler soil and percolates into the natural or filling soil. In any case, a mixture is formed in space below the ground of appropriate proportions to allow for latent combustion and reduction of the liquid.
    Additional achievements are possible when the impoundment of organic liquid is above the ground in a pile or heap of matrix. Figure 4 illustrates such an embodiment in which a matrix stack (42) rests on the surface of the earth (41) to which an organic liquid material (43) is applied. A mixing tool (44) can be used to circulate the organic liquid and create the mixture. The matrix stack can be either a free structure or can be supported within or by additional structures. For example, walls can be used to wrap the stack.
    An example of a matrix stack (42) may be a pile of excavated material for the construction of a depression, a pile of contaminated material excavated as part of a site remediation strategy, or a storage pile of granular material. The organic material can be applied or mixed with the matrix stack by pouring the organic liquid onto the surface of the matrix stack through a pressurized or gravity-fed tube, a channel, or an emitter, and allowing it to percolate to the interior of the matrix pile by gravity or under pressure, turned in the matrix pile by means of soil or hoe revolving machines, mixed by means of excavator, dredger or soil mixing / drilling machines. Figure 5 illustrates a mixture of organic liquid / porous matrix including solid particles (51) and continuous or discontinuous bubbles or ganglia of organic liquid (52) located within the pore spaces (53) of the porous matrix. Incorporating the combustible material in a porous matrix has several advantages. First, it allows the concentration of the organic liquid in a containment bed. The dimensions and volume of the containment bed can be adjusted to precisely control the amount and spatial location of the liquid volume reduction. Second, when exothermic reactions (ie combustion) release sufficient energy, the reaction can be self-sustaining in a porous medium.
    Although the principle of heat recirculation is readily understood, its practical application requires balancing many variables to ensure efficiency, controlled combustion intensity (that is, to maintain latent combustion), and to control polluting emissions. Particular attributes of the porous matrix that require optimization include the particle size of the porous matrix (for example, from micrometers to many inches), pore size, permeability (1x15 cm per second to hundreds of centimeters per second), and mineralogy ( for example, silica sand, carbonate sand, etc.). Particular attributes of the organic liquid that require optimization include chemical composition (for example, carbon content and inherent thermal energy), viscosity (for example, I centistoke to hundreds of centistokes), density (for example, 200 to thousands of kilograms per cubic meter ), volatility (for example, volatile, semi-volatile, non-volatile), and wettability (for example, organic wetting or non-organic wetting). Particular attributes of the combustion system that will require optimization include preheat time (minutes to days), preheat intensity (temperatures ranging from one hundred degrees Celsius to two thousand degrees Celsius), initial oxidizing agent flow rate (from a few millimeters per second to tens of centimeters per second), sustained oxidizing agent flow rate (from a few millimeters per second to tens of centimeters per 5 seconds), air pressure (ambient to tens of pounds per square inch of air depression), agent content oxidant (eg, purified oxygen air).
    In embodiments of the invention, it has been observed that the following porous matrix materials form appropriate mixtures with the organic liquid-sand, soils, silt, slime, filler soil, paving stones, gravel, ceramic spheres, and spheres of glass. These materials, if sized correctly; will create a mixture with an organic liquid with a surface area to volume ratio such that diffusion rates of oxidizing agent can exceed heating rates and that a sufficient amount of heat generated during the combustion process is transferred to and stored in the matrix, in order to make the heat stored in the matrix material available to assist in further combustion of the organic liquid. The matrix material has additional characteristics of sufficient pore space to receive the organic liquid mixed with it. and surface, shape and selection characteristics that respond to the flow of air through the pore spaces. The process will operate over a range of organic liquid to porous matrix ratios, but is generally limited to 20 levels of organic liquid that occupy between 0.01% and 100% pore space of the porous matrix,
    Ignition of latent combustion requires both a source of heating to initiate combustion and a source of oxidizing agent to initiate and maintain combustion. Figure 6 illustrates a reaction combustion vessel (61) containing a mixture of organic liquid and porous matrix (62). The oxidizing agent is fed into the reactor vessel from an oxidizing agent source (63) through an air supply port (64). The air supply port can consist of a single opening into the reactor vessel or it can consist of a manifold with multiple openings positioned inside the reactor vessel. Two different heating sources 30 are shown, which can be used alone or in combination.
    For example, a heating source (65) can be placed in line with the powered oxidizing agent to provide convective heat for the mixture. Convective heat sources can also be positioned inside the reactor vessel or inside the reactor vessel walls. In addition, an internal heating source (66) can be placed inside the reactor vessel to provide conductive or radiation heat for ignition and latent combustion maintenance. As shown in Figure 6, the internal source of conductive or radiation heating can be placed towards the bottom of the reactor vessel to propagate a combustion front "from the bottom to the top." Additional sources of conductive heat can be placed along the inside the reaction vessel walls to initiate combustion at varying levels within the mixture.
    The source of the oxidizing agent can be an air compressor connected to the reactor vessel through piping or piping with regulated or unregulated pressure or flow. The air supply port can be a series or a single section of perforated tube 15 or an open cavity ("plenum") to distribute oxidizing agent in the desired pattern through the base of the mixture. The heating element can be an electrically heated cable energized, an electrically energized cartridge heater, a tube radiation heater in which propane or another external fuel source is fed internally and ignited.
    The air supply ports can be carbon steel, stainless steel or other material perforated by direct push ("direct-push"), carbon steel sources, stainless steel or other material with wire-wrapped screens or with slits, installed vertically or almost vertically through the matrix stack or the pond.The heating elements can be electric resistive heaters or 25 radiation heaters installed or placed inside the bars or fountains, installed in the matrix stack that surrounds the bar or the fountains, or an element above the ground heating air that passes through the bar or fountain and into the matrix stack.
    In particular embodiments, the oxidizing agent is oxygen fed as a component of atmospheric air. The reaction is controllable in such a way that interrupting the oxygen supply to the reaction front stops the reaction. Increasing or decreasing the rate of oxygen flow ahead of the reaction also increases or decreases the rate of combustion and thus the rate of propagation of the reaction front, respectively.
    It is worth mentioning that combustion can be monitored, according to the methods known to those skilled in the art, to determine the amounts of oxygen, air or other oxidizing agent required to maintain latent combustion. Combustion temperatures are usually monitored with thermocouples that can be arranged over the volume of material to be treated. Combustion gases can also be collected at the outlet of the reactor vessel or on the surface of the mixture of organic liquid and porous matrix material to characterize the destruction rates of the mass of organic liquid and the combustion efficiency. Such methods are common practices for monitoring many combustion processes, including incineration systems.
    As illustrated in figure 7, embodiments of the present invention can use impoundments with multiple air supply ports and heating elements. Figure 7A represents an embodiment in which the impoundment is a pond of organic liquid containing a mixture of organic liquid and porous matrix (711). The oxidizing agent can be fed into the organic liquid pond or matrix stack by an oxidizing agent source (712) which is coupled to air supply ports (713). The air supply ports can be drilled wells in a sufficiently solid mixture. Alternatively, the air supply ports can be hollow perforated channels inserted in solid or even relatively liquid mixtures. The air supply ports can be spaced according to the total dimensions of the pond so that the oxidizing agent is delivered in sufficient quantity and at a sufficient rate throughout the entire pond: thus facilitating latent combustion throughout the pond. Similarly, a single or a plurality of convective heating element (s) (714) can be arranged in line with the air fed to initiate latent combustion at multiple points within the pond. Additionally or alternatively, multiple elements of conductive, convective or radiation heating (715) can be arranged in the wells or channels or in the filling materials so that they are inside the pond. Figure 7B is an embodiment in which the impoundment is a matrix stack (721). As above, both the air supply ports and the heating elements can be used. For example, the oxidizing agent can be fed to the organic matrix stack via an Oxidizing Agent Source (722) which is coupled to air supply ports (723). The air supply ports may be wells drilled in a sufficiently solid mixture or in hollow channels inserted in sufficiently solid or even relatively liquid mixtures. The air supply ports can be spaced according to the total dimensions of the pile so that the oxidizing agent is delivered in sufficient quantity and at a sufficient rate throughout the pile; thus facilitating latent combustion throughout the stack. Similarly. a single or a plurality of convective heating element (s) (724) can be arranged in line with the fed air to initiate latent combustion at multiple points inside the matrix stack. In addition or alternatively, multiple elements conductive heating. convective or radiation (725) can be arranged inside wells or channels or in the filling materials so that they are inside the matrix stack. Figure 8 illustrates additional achievements of dams with air supply ports and heating element (s). In Figure 8A, a pond of organic liquid is shown containing a mixture of organic liquid and porous matrix (8II). The oxidizing agent is supplied to the organic liquid lagoon from an oxidizing agent source (812) via an air supply pad (s) (813) inside or below the lagoon. The air supply ports may consist of multiple points of entry to the interior of the pond or. as shown, a distribution-type installation arranged towards the bottom of the lagoon. Heating element (s) (814) can be disposed of in line with the oxidizing agent fed or inside or below the pond. As above, the particular position of the heating element (s) and the air supply port (s) can be optimized to facilitate latent combustion 30 as needed for a given organic liquid material. Figure 8B is a corresponding embodiment in which the impoundment is a matrix stack. In Figure 8B, a matrix stack is shown containing a mixture of organic liquid and porous matrix (821). The oxidizing agent is fed to the stack from an oxidizing agent source (822) through an air supply port (823) inside or below the stack. As described for the pond designs, various configurations of air supply ports are possible, including multi-entry structures and single distribution manifold structures. Heating element (s) (824) can be arranged in line with the oxidizing agent fed to provide convective heat. Additionally or alternatively. a source of conductive, convective or radiation heating (825) can be arranged inside or below the stack. Smaller and individual sources of conductive, convective or radiation heating can also be arranged in multiple locations within the stack.
    The air supply ports may be bars of carbon steel, stainless steel or other material perforated by direct driving, carbon steel sources, stainless steel or other material with wire-wrapped or slotted screens, installed horizontally through the stack. matrix or pond. The heating elements can be electrical resistive heaters or radiation heaters installed or arranged inside the bar or fountains, installed in the matrix stack that surrounds the bar or fountain, or an element above the ground heating air passing through the bar or from source c to the interior of the matrix stack.
    Embodiments of the present invention can be designed so that a combustion front propagates through a reactor vessel, a matrix pond or a matrix stack. The combustion freme can be directed by means of spatial heating and airflow manipulations so that it advances upwards or laterally in any direction. Figure 9 illustrates the progress (91) of the combustion front (92) through a mixture of organic liquid and porous matrix material (93). In these embodiments, the propagation of the combustion front advances in the direction of the air flow (94). As the combustion front advances through the porous matrix, the organic liquid inside the combustion front enters combustion and the organic liquid that follows the combustion front is heated. In this particular embodiment, the combustion of the organic liquid proceeds essentially to the full, leaving behind an area of porous matrix (95) in which the organic liquid has undergone a volumetric reduction as a result of latent combustion.
    Additional achievements can transport the porous organic liquid / inatrix relative to the combustion front. Figure 10 illustrates a reactor vessel (101) according to such an embodiment in which the first conveyor or auger device (102) is used to transport a continuous or semi-continuous supply of a mixture of organic liquid and porous matrix material (103) ) for a pseudo-stationary latent combustion reaction front (104). The mixing feed is maintained through the use of a conveyor system (102) transporting a pre-mixed composition of organic liquid and porous matrix material (103) to the reactor vessel. The latent combustion reaction front is maintained by the addition of an oxidizing agent (105). A mixing or conveyor tool (106) can be used to propagate the mixture across the reactor vessel. Although a helical mixing tool is represented, tools of alternative shapes (for example, coiled. In the form of a paddle) can be used. The mixing tool can also be used to circulate the oxidizing agent through the mixture. On the combustion front, the organic liquid in the mixture is consumed essentially as a result of latent combustion, and a volumetric reduction (106) is performed. The treated porous matrix (107) is removed from the reactor vessel in a continuous or semi-continuous manner and transported along a second transport system (108) as a treated porous matrix (109).
    In additional embodiments, the organic liquid can be mixed with a porous matrix that is. fuel itself (for example, wood chips). That is. the entire mixture can be consumed essentially at the combustion front, leaving only non-organic matrix residues (eg ash). In such embodiments, the residue can be removed by a conveyor or auger device as shown in Figure 10.
    In certain embodiments, a fixed or semi-permanent porous matrix can be used. Better than simply mixing the organic liquid and the porous matrix, these achievements allow the organic liquid to percolate through a fixed or semi-permanent matrix bed. In particular designs with a semi-permanent matrix, however, percolation can be aided with a mixing tool. Figure I I illustrates a particular embodiment with a fixed or semi-permanent porous matrix. A reaction vessel (111) is shown with a fixed or semi-permanent porous matrix bed (112) to which a continuous or semi-continuous feed of an organic liquid is added (not shown). After the mixture is formed, latent combustion can be initiated in front of the latent combustion reaction (113). Latent combustion can be initiated by convective, conductive or radiation heating elements arranged outside, on the surface or inside the reactor vessel, close to where the latent combustion will be initiated. Latent combustion can be maintained by adding an oxidizing agent (114) through an air supply port (I 15). The combustion front advances in the direction of air flow through the mixture of permanent or semi-permanent porous matrix and organic liquid. The position of the combustion reaction front (124) is governed by the rate of oxidizing agent addition (123). the rate of organic liquid addition and the properties of the mixture of organic liquid, porous matrix material, and the operational parameters (for example, air flow rate). As the combustion front moves forward, the organic liquid is reduced volumetrically. Below the combustion front is the treated porous matrix (I 16). Figure 12 is a flow chart of embodiments of the invention. First, a porous matrix is mixed with an organic liquid (131). As described above, a particular combination and matrix / liquid ratio can be chosen to facilitate latent combustion for specific types of organic liquid. Then, the oxidizing agent is forced through the mixture (132). The presence of oxidizing agent allows latent combustion to be initiated and maintained (133). As described above, the amount of oxidizing agent, flow rate, and additional components (for example, supplemental fuels added before ignition) can be used to ensure that combustion is maintained in a latent state and to optimize combustion for a mixture particular. Example I:
    Latent combustion tests for the treatment of an oily liquid material (residual oil and gas refinery product) were carried out on a quartz glass column of 138 mm (mm) in diameter and 275 mm in height. To prepare the contaminated material, the oily material was mixed in a mass ratio of 259 grams of oil per kilogram of commercially available quartz sand (# 12ST Silica Sand. Bell & Mackenzie Co. Ltd .. Hamilton. Canada), which is characterized by a volumetric density of 1,600 kilograms per cubic meter, an average grain size of 0.88 mm. and an average porosity of 37% when dry packaged. The first mixture was homogenized by mechanical stirring before being packaged in the apparatus to a thickness of eleven centimeters. The mixture was supported by an air diffuser powered by an air compressor and an inconel-coated heating cable (Bluewater Heater Inc., Canada). Eleven type K thermocouples coated with inconel were inserted into the sand package along the central axis of the column and spaced at intervals of 10 mm above the heater cable to track the temperatures inside the apparatus e. thus, the position of the combustion front as it propagates in the mixture. The thermocouples were connected to a data acquisition system (Multifunctional Measuring and Switching Unit 34980A. Agilent Technologies).
    At the beginning of the experiment, the mixture was heated by applying a current 20 to the cable heater and the air flow was started by means of a water diffuser at a flow (Darcy) of 5.0 centimeters per second until the temperature 280 degrees Celsius limit was exceeded two centimeters above the position of the cable heater. This heating method simulates a combined source of conductive and convective heating. Then, the air injection was increased and maintained until the end of the experiment at a flow (Darcy) of 9.0 centimeters per second. The heater cable was turned off when the temperature at one centimeter above the heater cable's position began to drop over time (i.e. after the peak), approximately 9 minutes after increasing the air flow from 5.0 to 9.0 centimeters per second. The experiment ended when the temperature eleven centimeters above the heating cable (that is, at the top of the mixture) 30 started to decrease with time (that is, after the peak), approximately 23 minutes after increasing the air flow by 5, 0 to 9.0 centimeters per second. The maximum power used by the heater cable was approximately 390 W.
    The characterization of the experiment was carried out by the thermocouples located inside the placed mixture and through the analysis of samples of the oil / sand mixture and samples of gaseous emissions. A 180 milliliter (ml) soil sample was collected from a homogenized batch of the pre-treatment mixture, and another soil sample from a homogenized batch of the treated sand and sent to Maxxam Analytics (London, Ontario) for analysis of: 1) Fl & BTEX petroleum hydrocarbons in the soil (CCME CWS method): 2) F2-F4 non-soil petroleum hydrocarbons (CCME CWS method); 3) F4G (CCME Gravimetric Hydrocarbon Method); and 4) aromatic hydrocarbon compounds (PAH) in the soil by GC / MS (Method EPA 8270). A representative sample of the gaseous emissions was removed from the top of the apparatus at a constant rate so that the duration of the experiment results in a sample throughout the procedure. Moisture and co-condensable components were removed from the gas stream and collected in a condensate trap, while the dry gas sample was collected in a 5 liter Tedlar bag. Both the dry gas and condensate samples were sent to Maxxam Analytics (London, Ontario) for analysis of: I) carbon monoxide (CO) and carbon dioxide (CO2) by GC / TCD (EPA Method 3C): 2) BTEX and Volatile Organic Compounds ('' 'Volatile Organic Compounds ”- VOCs) in the gas phase (EPA Method TO-I5A); 3) and BTEX and VOCs in the condensate (Method EPA 8260).
    The ignition protocol described above (applying a current to the heater cable, with the air flow initiated by means of an air diffuser at a flow of 5.0 centimeters per second, followed by an increase in the flow of air air to a (Darcy) flow of 9.0 centimeters per second and interrupting the heating source) resulted in self-sustaining latent combustion of the mixture. The self-sustainable latent combustion behavior is shown in the temperature X time graphs shown in Figure 13. It is known that the self-sustainable behavior occurs when decreasing temperature X time markings of a place are crossed with increasing temperature X time markings of a second place adjacent. This temperature crossing demonstrates that the reaction creates an excess of energy that allows the combustion reaction to propagate (in this case, in an upward direction). Peak (maximum) temperatures were measured by thermocouples in the mixture in the range of approximately 480 to 520 degrees during the experiment, including time 5 after the heating cable was interrupted. The analysis of the times of occurrence of peak temperature in each temperature inside the mixture indicates that the propagation speed of latent combustion is approximately 0.63 cm / min (1.26 feet per hour). Figure 14 presents a table of hydrocarbon concentrations of all petroleum in the I I and BTEX range. in range F2-F4. and PAH compounds from the oil / sand mixture before treatment. The measured water content of the oil / sand mixture measured was 12% and the oil concentration by gravity analysis was 259,000 mg / kg. This is equivalent to a dry oil weight concentration of 139,000 mg / kg. The sum of the FI-F4 oil fraction is approximately 76,500 mg / kg. Figure 14 also shows the analysis of fractions FL and BTEX. F2-F4. and PAFI in the soil after treatment. For the post-treatment sample, it was observed that all the compounds analyzed were below the minimum detection limits of the analytical instrumentation, indicating 100% volumetric reduction of the organic liquid for the examined components (assuming that the non-detection is equivalent to the complete absence of components). This level of oil removal can be seen in Figure 15. which shows photographs of samples "before 'treatment and" after "treatment,
    The concentrations of CO and COi (flue gases) measured during the test were "undetected" and 0.4%, respectively. Volatile compounds detected in the vapor phase above I part per million by volume (ppmv) include: carbon disulfide, 25 propene, chloromethane, 2-propanone, heptane, and benzene Volatile compounds detected in the condensate collected from the vapor phase above 1 part per million (ppm) include: benzene, chlorobenzene, ethylbenzene, o-xylene, p + m-xylene and toluene .
    Multiple repelled experiments were conducted and results very similar to those described in Figure 13 were obtained. Modifications of the ignition protocol, including the use of a purely conductive (without airflow before ignition) or purely convective (without contact between the heating cable and the mixture) heating procedure, also produces results similar to those described in Figure 13 .
    The above experimental data clearly demonstrates that the method of the present invention is a viable treatment technology for the volumetric reduction of 5 organic liquids.
    Various modifications can be made to what has been described above without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. For example, while the experiments described above demonstrate the propagation of the combustion front in a vertical upward direction, the propagation can also advance horizontally or in any other direction if manipulated sufficiently by the ignition location and the air flow direction inside. of the mixture.
    The embodiments of the invention described above are intended to be exemplary only; numerous variations and modifications will be apparent to those skilled in the art. It is intended that all such variations and modifications are included in the scope of the present invention, as defined in any of the appended claims.
    权利要求:
    Claims (14)
    [0001]
    1. Method for volumetric reduction of an organic waste liquid in a volume that is a liquid phase, which comprises the steps of: - mixing the organic waste liquid with a porous matrix material to produce a mixture; - heating a portion of the mixture; - force oxidizing agent through the mixture; and - interrupting the heat source applied to the mixture; in order to initiate the self-sustaining latent combustion of the mixture to perform the volumetric reduction of the residual organic liquid, characterized by the fact that mixing the porous matrix material comprises: the batch feeding of the organic waste liquid and the porous material inside the vessel; or forming a containment bed comprising one of said porous matrix material or organic waste liquid and continuously pouring into the confinement bed the other of said porous matrix material or residual organic liquid.
    [0002]
    2. Method for volumetric reduction of organic waste liquid according to claim 1, characterized in that it additionally causes the combustion to propagate away from the ignition point of the combustion.
    [0003]
    3. Method for volumetric reduction of organic waste liquid according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it additionally aggregates the organic waste liquid in a reaction vessel.
    [0004]
    4. Method for volumetric reduction of organic waste liquid according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it additionally aggregates the organic waste liquid in a pile that includes the porous matrix material.
    [0005]
    5. Method for volumetric reduction of organic waste liquid according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by the fact that it additionally aggregates the porous matrix in an organic liquid pond.
    [0006]
    6. Method for volumetric reduction of organic waste liquid according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by the fact that it additionally feeds the mixture continuously in a latent combustion zone.
    [0007]
    7. Method for volumetric reduction of organic waste liquid according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it additionally uses a mixing tool to mix the porous matrix material with the organic waste liquid to produce the mixture.
    [0008]
    8. Method for volumetric reduction of organic waste liquid according to claim 7, characterized by the fact that the mixing tool includes a helical rotary blade.
    [0009]
    9. Method for volumetric reduction of organic waste liquid according to any of claims 1 or 3 to 8, characterized in that mixing the porous matrix material with the organic waste liquid to produce the mixture consists of: - forming a permanent or semi-permanent containment bed comprising the porous matrix material; and - continuously pour the organic waste liquid into the containment bed.
    [0010]
    10. Method for volumetric reduction of organic waste liquid according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that forcing oxidizing agent through the mixture includes the injection of air into the mixture through an injection port.
    [0011]
    11. Method for volumetric reduction of organic waste liquid according to any one of claims 1, 2, 4, 5, 6 or 9, characterized in that it additionally comprises: - mixing the porous matrix material with the organic waste liquid using a helical mixing tool to produce the mixture; - feeding the mixture through a first conveyor system inside the latent combustion zone; and - removing the combustion product by means of a second conveyor system.
    [0012]
    12. Method for volumetric reduction of organic waste liquid according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that the mixture contains a non-combustible material and the method further comprises a step of maintaining latent combustion self-sustaining until part or all non-combustible material is made less toxic by exposure to latent heat.
    [0013]
    13. Method for volumetric reduction of organic waste liquid according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that: - adding a supplementary fuel, selected from a group consisting of vegetable oil, tar, chemical oxidizing agents, sludge from 10 drilling and oil hydrocarbons, to the aggregate.
    [0014]
    14. Method for volumetric reduction of the organic waste liquid according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that the porous matrix material is selected from a group consisting of sand, soil, silt, silt, filler soil, stones paving stones, gravel, crushed stone, glass, ceramics, zeolite, wood chips, charcoal, mineral coal, drilling remains and combinations of the above with the organic waste liquid to produce a mixture in which the mixture is sufficiently uniform to allow for self-sustaining latent combustion.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    PL2701826T3|2019-09-30|
    AU2012249643A1|2013-10-17|
    BR112013027815A2|2017-08-08|
    CN103492050A|2014-01-01|
    AU2012249643B2|2017-04-13|
    US20120272878A1|2012-11-01|
    LT2701826T|2019-04-25|
    JP2014522471A|2014-09-04|
    CA2832080A1|2012-11-01|
    KR20140041485A|2014-04-04|
    WO2012149183A1|2012-11-01|
    CA2832080C|2020-04-28|
    DK2701826T3|2019-05-06|
    KR101950383B1|2019-02-20|
    CN103492050B|2016-08-17|
    EP2701826B1|2019-02-27|
    EA201391573A1|2014-02-28|
    EA025629B1|2017-01-30|
    EP2701826A1|2014-03-05|
    EP2701826A4|2014-10-22|
    ES2719283T3|2019-07-09|
    JP5974081B2|2016-08-23|
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    法律状态:
    2017-08-15| B08F| Application fees: application dismissed [chapter 8.6 patent gazette]|
    2017-08-29| B08H| Application fees: decision cancelled [chapter 8.8 patent gazette]|
    2018-04-03| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according [chapter 6.6 patent gazette]|
    2019-07-23| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: procedure suspended [chapter 6.21 patent gazette]|
    2020-07-14| B06A| Notification to applicant to reply to the report for non-patentability or inadequacy of the application [chapter 6.1 patent gazette]|
    2020-12-08| B09A| Decision: intention to grant [chapter 9.1 patent gazette]|
    2021-02-23| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 26/04/2012, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    US201161480852P| true| 2011-04-29|2011-04-29|
    US61/480,852|2011-04-29|
    US201161531895P| true| 2011-09-07|2011-09-07|
    US61/531,895|2011-09-07|
    PCT/US2012/035248|WO2012149183A1|2011-04-29|2012-04-26|Method for volumetric reduction of organic liquids|
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